| Bahmani Sultanate | ||||
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| Bahmani Sultanate, 1470 CE | ||||
| Capital | Gulbarga (1347–1425) Bidar (1425–1527) |
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| Religion | predominantly Sunni Islam | |||
| Government | Monarchy | |||
| Sultan | ||||
| - 1347–1358 | Aladdin Hassan Bahman Shah | |||
| - 1525–1527 | Kalim-Allah Shah | |||
| Historical era | Late Medieval | |||
| - Established | 3 August 1347 | |||
| - Disestablished | 1527 | |||
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The Bahmani Sultanate (Devanagari: बहमनी सल्तनत ; also called the Bahmanid Empire or Bahmani Kingdom) was a Muslim state of the Deccan in southern India and one of the great medieval Indian kingdoms.[1] Bahmanid Sultanate was the first independent Islamic Kingdom in South India.[2]
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The sultanate was founded on 3 August 1347 by governor Ala-ud-Din Hassan Bahman Shah, a Persian (Tajik) [3] descent from Badakhshan, who revolted against the Sultan of Delhi, Muhammad bin Tughluq. Nazir uddin Ismail Shah who had revolted against the Delhi Sultanate stepped down on that day in favour of Zafar Khan who ascended the throne with the title of Alauddin Bahman Shah. His revolt was successful, and he established an independent state on the Deccan within the Delhi Sultanate's southern provinces. The Bahmani capital was Ahsanabad (Gulbarga) between 1347 and 1425 when it was moved to Muhammadabad (Bidar).
The Bahmani contested the control of the Deccan with the Hindu Vijayanagara Empire to the south. The sultanate reached the peak of its power during the vizierate (1466–1481) of Mahmud Gawan. After 1518 the sultanate broke up into five states: Ahmednagar, Berar, Bidar, Bijapur, Golconda (Qutb Shahi dynasty) known collectively as the Deccan sultanates.
The Bahmani dynasty believed that they descended from Bahman, the legendary king of Iran. They were patrons of the Persian language, culture and literature, and some members of the dynasty became well-versed in that language and composed in its literature.[2]